Tuesday, May 26, 2020

What Is a Tarantula Hawks Life Cycle

Imagine a wasp so fierce and strong that it can capture and drag a live tarantula across the desert sand! If youre lucky enough to witness this feat by a tarantula hawk (genus Pepsis), youll surely never forget it. Just look with your eyes and not with your hands, because the tarantula hawk doesnt like being handled and will let you know with a painful sting. Entomologist Justin Schmidt, who devised the Schmidt Sting Pain Index, described the tarantula hawks sting as 3 minutes of blinding, fierce, shockingly electric pain that feels as if a running hair drier has been dropped into your bubble bath.   Description Tarantula hawks or tarantula wasp (Pepsis spp,) are so named because the females provision their offspring with live tarantulas. They are big, brilliant wasps encountered mostly in the Southwest. Tarantula hawks are easily recognized by their iridescent blue-black bodies and (usually) shiny orange wings. Some also have orange antennae, and in certain populations, the wings may be black instead of orange. Another genus of tarantula hawks, Hemipepsis, looks similar and can easily be mistaken for Pepsis wasps, but Hemipepsis wasps tend to be smaller. Pepsis tarantula wasps range in body length from 14-50 mm (about 0.5-2.0 inches), with males considerably smaller than females. You can differentiate females from males by looking for their curled antennae. While members of the genus are fairly distinctive and easy to identify, its difficult to identify tarantula hawks to species from a photo or during observation in the field. Classification Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Arthropoda Class - Insecta Order - Hymenoptera Family - Pompilidae Genus - Pepsis Diet Adult tarantula hawks, both male, and female drink nectar from flowers and are said to be particularly fond of milkweed flowers. A tarantula hawk larva feeds on the organs and tissues of the provisioned tarantula. The newly emerged larva will feed on non-vital organs first, and save the tarantulas heart for its final instar meal. Life Cycle For every tarantula hawk that lives, a tarantula dies. Once she has mated, the female tarantula hawk begins the laborsome process of finding and capturing a tarantula for each egg she will lay. She immobilizes the tarantula by stinging it in a vital nerve center, and then drags it into its burrow, or into a crevice or similarly sheltered location. She then lays an egg on the paralyzed tarantula. The tarantula hawk egg hatches in 3-4 days, and the newly emerged larva feeds on the tarantula. It molts through several instars before pupating. Pupation usually lasts 2-3 weeks, after which the new adult tarantula hawk emerges. Special Behaviors and Defenses When shes on the hunt for a tarantula, the female tarantula hawk will sometimes fly over the desert floor, searching for a victim. But more often, shell look for occupied tarantula burrows. While in its burrow, a tarantula will usually cover the entrance with a silk drape, but this doesnt deter the tarantula hawk. Shell snip the silk and enter the burrow, and quickly drive the tarantula from its hiding place. Once she has the tarantula out in the open, the determined wasp will provoke the spider by prodding it with her antennae. If the tarantula rears up on its legs, its all but doomed. The tarantula hawk stings with precision, injecting her venom into nerves and immobilizing the spider instantly. Range and Distribution Tarantula hawks are New World wasps, with a range extending from the U.S. to much of South America. Only 18 Pepsis species are known to inhabit the U.S., but well over 250 species of tarantula hawks inhabit the tropical region of South America. In the U.S., all but one species are restricted to the Southwest. Pepsis elegans is the lone tarantula hawk that also lives in the eastern U.S. Sources Genus Pepsis – Tarantula Hawks, Bugguide.net. Accessed online November 3, 2014.Revision of the Nearctic species of the pompilid genus Pepsis (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae), by Paul David Hurd. Bulletin of the AMNH; v. 98, article 4, 1952.Tarantula Hawks, Colorado State University. Accessed online November 3, 2014.Tarantula Hawk, by David B. Williams. Desert USA website. Accessed online November 3, 2014.National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Insects and Spiders of North America, by Arthur V. Evans.

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Issue Of Child Labor Laws - 1461 Words

The United States of America has always been deeply ideologically split on the idea of child labor. On the one side, many people believe that children benefit from long hard hours at work because it prepares them for the real world unlike the ability of school. Along with the growth of the child, they also believe that it would create large economical growth throughout the nation. Among the many people that believe this are two of hour founding fathers, Benjamin Franklin and Abraham Lincoln. On the other side of the argument, many people feel that children are to innocent to work for these long hours. They also tend to express how school and learning is much more vital to the child than manual labor, for it will help them much more in the long run. For example, in U.S. Supreme Court Case, Prince v. Massachusetts, the court defended child labor laws based on these exact reasons. The question as to which of these opinions is more valid is still commonly contemplated to this ver y day. In my opinion, the child should not be forced to work if they would rather spend their time studying, however a child that wants to work should not be lawfully unable to do so. As Benjamin Franklin and Abraham Lincoln have individually expressed, there are many people that believe that children should be incorporated into the workforce. In his â€Å"Report on Manufactures† in 1795, Alexander Hamilton expresses how he believes that children should be continued to be sent to colonial America,Show MoreRelatedChild Labor in America773 Words   |  4 PagesAlzatia Wilson Western Civilization 1 Mrs. S. Melton November 30, 2009 Child Labor in America Our child labor issue an ongoing world wide effect, currently among America’s society. Researchers even today and our up and down crisis we face economically, leave us with the understanding that poverty is a main cause of child labor. Still in America poor families depend heavenly upon their children working in order to improve their chances of attaining basic necessities. American history goesRead MoreChild Labour And Child Labor1600 Words   |  7 PagesChild Labor Issues There are children that suffer through child labor daily. Child labor is the use of children in a business or industry, usually illegal. â€Å"3 billion people around the world survive on $2.50 a day or less. And 2 billion people do not hold a bank account or have access to essential financial services† (â€Å"Living in Poverty†1). Children that are normally in labor come from a poor family that’s in need of money so badly that it comes down to selling their own children or puttingRead MoreIkea’s Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor1548 Words   |  7 PagesIKEA’s Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor Ethics in Business and Society Professor Stephen Griffith Otis West Tuesday, November 6, 2012 IKEA is the world’s largest furniture store that offers well-designed, functional home furnishing products at low prices. The store offers home furnishings to meet the needs of everyone. The company vision is to create a better everyday life for the many people. Ikea is able to back their vision with their products and prices. In additionalRead MoreChild Labor Essay809 Words   |  4 PagesChild labor has been an extremely serious issue since the early industrial revolution and it continues to be an issue today. The movement towards the industrial revolution increased demand for labor, especially cheap labor, which targeted young children as a means for performing work in the factories. Since it was an economically growing era for the United States, children in the 18th century worked long hours for low minimum wage under harsh conditions to help their families. Children were easilyRead MoreEssay on The Aftermath for Children in Child Labor639 Words   |  3 Pagescurrently engaged in child labor. around (85 million) of these children have been defined to work in dangerous conditions. http://www.ilo.org These children must endure things that harm them in so many ways both physically and mentally. These can lead to life-time problems or even death. More effort! According to http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu â€Å"Child labor laws around the world are often not enforced many state governments allocate few resources to enforcing child labor laws.† The governmentRead MoreIke Ethics And Society1324 Words   |  6 PagesProf: Jackie Deem January 16, 2016 Introduction In 1995 one of IKEA suppliers in India was named for using children for labor in a rug factory. This was alarming to the IKEA Corporation. This news could have been damaging to the entire company if the right preventive measures were not taken. IKEA had to decide on their viewpoint on child labor and then had to make sure that what they did then and in the future was adequate to society standards. They will be watching to make sureRead MoreNike Corporation Essay732 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Identify a global organization with a multinational presence. Identify and research a cultural issue that affects this organizations interactions outside the United States. Define the issue and provide an overview of how it became an issue in the organization. Prepare an analysis of the ethical and social responsibility issues your organization must deal with as a result of being global. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper summarizing the results of the analysis. Include the following: IdentifyRead MoreHuman Trafficking Supply Chain Risk1160 Words   |  5 Pagesof debt bondage, forced labor, and involuntary child labor. Human Trafficking is also a supply chain issue. Human trafficking in the supply chain may take many forms. For example; a consumer might stay at a hotel where the sheets were made from cotton harvested by migrant farmers who work with no water and no rest. Consume a chocolate they found on their pillow, made from cocoa beans picked using child labor. Order shrimp for dinner which was fished using forced labor and where the dishwashersRead MoreSummary Of Child Labor In Upton Sinclairs The Jungle897 Words   |  4 PagesThe Jungle that exposed the bad working condition to immigrants in Chicago and the nasty meat packing factory. One of the big issue in this book is child labor. In the book, a child called Stanislovas Lukoszaite, he was working in a meat packing factory. Although in 1906 there are laws against child labor, but the law is not really enforced. He was just a 13 years old child and during Chicagos snow storm he loses the use of his three fingers, after that he started selling newspaper in Chicago. WhenRead MoreChild L abor During A Nike Factory1666 Words   |  7 PagesCHILD LABOR IN A NIKE FACTORY IN PAKISTAN Abstract This paper especially focuses on the problem of Child Labor in Pakistan with respect to the case of the world-renowned sports brand Nike and its use of children in its factories in Pakistan. A set of laws that can be established to eradicate this evil from Pakistan have been elaborated upon in the paper, these proposals include the Trafficking Victim Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA), the International Human Right Treaty by the General Assembly

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Burkitt Lymphoma Research - 778 Words

Running Head: Burkitt Lymphoma Research Proposal in Kenya. Name of the Author University Affiliation Course Date of Submission Burkitt Lymphoma Research Proposal in Kenya. Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) is among the most aggressive cancerous tumors that attack humans. It is named after David Burkitt who first discovered and described this kind of tumor in children in Africa. It is more common in men than in women. The spread of this endemic is however rampant in both children and young adults. BL attacks people who have poor immunity. The research will revolve around Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and the Ubiquitin influences in inactivation the inactivation of the INK4/ARF locus in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines(Roberti, Rizzolio,†¦show more content†¦These are some of the problems and challenges expected whose answers lie with the success of the research and government guidelines and policy to license the production of the drugs. Internationally, among the medical researchers who take the line of Burkitt lymphoma are less than 300 annually. Highlighting and pinpointing the need of fresh and new graduates in particular, to dedicate themselves and venture into Bur kitt lymphoma research will definitely be a plus on the global scale of advance medical care and treatment for patients detected to contain this condition (Cozzi et al., 2011). References Cozzi, M., Giorgi, F., Marcelli, E., Pentimalli, F., Forte, I. M., Schenone, S, Giordano A. (2012). Antitumor activity of new pyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyrimidine SRC kinase inhibitors in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and its enhancement by WEE1 inhibition, 11, 1029-1039. Leukemia Lymphoma Society (LLS). (2009). Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Magrath, I. (2012). Hindawi Publishing Corporation: Advances in Hematology. Towards Curative Therapy in Burkitt Lymphoma:TheRoleofEarlyAfricanStudiesinDemonstrating the Valueof CombinationTherapy and CNS Prophylaxis, 2012, 1-8. doi:10.1155/2012/130680. Roberti, A., Rizzolio, F., Lucchetti,C., Leval, L., Giordano, A. (2011). Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and methylation-induced gene silencing cooperate in the inactivation of the INK4/ARF locus in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines,Show MoreRelatedBurkitts Lymphoma Disease Essay3211 Words   |  13 Pages Burkitt’s lymphoma is a very aggressive form of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The disease is related with Epstein-Barr virus and was one of the first tumours shown to have a chromosomal translocation. The Burkitt’s lymphoma disease is the most common childhood cancer where malaria is predominantly an epidemic. About10% of all malignant diseases in children under 15 years of age. Disease is very common in those whose immune system is not functionally efficient. With the help of intensive chemotherapyRead MoreEpstein Barr Virus ( Ebv )1416 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Epstein-Barr virus was first discovered in 1964 by Sir Michael Anthony Epstein and Ms. Yvonne Barr. They located it in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line. It was the first virus to be associated with cancer. Infection of Epstein-Barr (EBV) is extremely widespread. The National Institutes of Health estimates that roughly 95% of people carry the virus. The virus was later found to cause infectious mononucleosis. Mononucleosis has since been nicknamed the â€Å"kissing disease†. TransmissionRead MoreBiography of Harald Zur Hausen1196 Words   |  5 PagesDNA of Epstem-Barr Virus in Burkitt s lymphoma cells that do not produce the complete infectious virus. He showed that Epstein-Barr virus DNA was present in Burkitt tumor tissue and in the tissue of another tumor, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in multiple genome equivalents per cell. In 1977 he moved to a similar position to the University of Freiburg. From 1983 until 2003 he was appointed as Scientific Director of the Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (German Cancer Research Center) in Heidelberg. HeRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Cancer1048 Words   |  5 Pagesvirus is Epstein-Barr virus(EBV). Professor Epstein and his research colleague, Yvonne Barr, have used the first electron microscope in the world to discover the first human cancer virus from a sample of Burkitt Lymphoma - EBV. This tremendous discovery has changed the way of thinking about the causes of cancer; it marked the birth of new investigation that has grown to become one of the most important aspects of modern cancer research. (Crawford 4). EBV is a type of herpes virus that causes increasedRead MoreA Short Note On Non Hodgkin s Lymphoma1916 Words   |  8 PagesNon-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancers in the United States that affect mostly older adults. The Ame rican Cancer Society estimates that 72,580 people in the Unites States will be diagnosed with the disease just in the year 2016 alone. Of that number, there are about 20,150 people expected to die from the disease. There is also a 2% chance of people in the United States developing the disease (American cancer society, n.d.). There have been many researches done about theRead MoreThe Merkel Cell ( Mcc )1459 Words   |  6 Pagesnaturally exposed to MCPyV, very few have MCC; therefore, other factors such as an immunosuppressed state likely contribute to viral integration, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis [30]. Other tumors that have viral origins include Kaposi sarcoma and Burkitt lymphoma; these also have a higher incidence in immunodeficient patients. (MA, 2014)Another cause is DNA Damage and mutations during cell division. This is an issue because MCC also spread aggressively through the blood vessels, to lymph nodes, and otherRead MoreBiological Evolution Of Cancer And Its Effec ts On The World2073 Words   |  9 Pageseven longer than that of the human being, because before the appearance of human, there have been other animals and plants living in this planet, and the malignant tumor may just appear on any kinds of creatures. But the real beginning of cancer research only start from modern times. In 1775, Pott reported that the workers who clean the chimney are more easily to get carcinoma of scrotum. This drew the attention of people to the cancer and the factor of environment. In the end of 18th centuryRead MoreStructure And Function Of Proteins2165 Words   |  9 Pagesto the active site of the enzyme. Stated by Blaber (2001), the ‘lock and key’ model has been proposed by Fischer for this process, however, IB Guides (2012) state that the ‘induced fit’ model is more precise than the ‘lock and key’ model. Further research conducted by Koshland revealed that upon contact with a specific substrate, the shape of the active site of an enzyme changes slightly, causing the substrate to bind more tightly to the enzyme. Both models can be illustrated as shown in figure 1

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Nintendo, Sony, Video Game case free essay sample

The video game industry has gone through six generations of consoles, and the seventh is now underway with new consoles from Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft. Atari led the first generation of the video game industry. They were able to create the first home video game Pong in 1972, and they were the first to develop the interchangeable cartridge and the joystick. The creation of the interchangeable cartridges allowed for third party independent video game developers to enter the market. Atari failed to develop a system that controlled who could develop games for Atari consoles, so the company eventually failed when low quality games created by independent developers flooded the market and caused prices to plunge. Nintendo was able to become the leader of the video game industry in the next generation by entering licensing agreements with third-party game developers and by instituting a â€Å"Seal of Quality† policy where no game could be published without Nintendo’s approval. We will write a custom essay sample on Nintendo, Sony, Video Game case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nintendo’s success with developing popular in-house games like Super Mario Brothers also contributed to their success in the second generation. However, Nintendo let Sega enter into market and take over as the next leader in the industry when Nintendo mistakenly delayed the release of their 16-bit console to avoid cannibalizing sales of the 8-bit console. Sega took advantage of Nintendo’s mistake by offering lower prices for their new console and games. Sony took control from Sega as the leader in the video game industry from 1988-2005 by targeting more mature audiences for their video games and being the first to install DVD-playing capability and Internet connectivity in the consoles. However, Nintendo was able to take over the lead in the most recent generation from â€Å"forward looking† Microsoft and Sony by being able to attract demand from younger and older audiences. This has caused Sony to reevaluate their strategy for the upcoming new generation of video game consoles. Sony’s target market has traditionally been core gamers, Males aged 14-34. The Wii, while popular with a wide audience, was unpopular with this core demographic because it did not feature the games core gamers loved like Grand Theft Auto and Halo. The Playstation brand is strong because it’s the most powerful system available with the best graphics and games that core gamers love. The poor sales of the PS3 thus far are attributable to Microsoft’s first mover advantage and release delays, similar to Nintendo’s problems in the 16-bit generation. Now that the PS3 has been released, Sony can make its push towards industry leadership by focusing on this core demographic, offering exclusive games, and using its superior graphics and system power as a competitive advantage over Microsoft. While games for more mature audiences should be Sony’s focus, they cannot ignore the expansion of the video game industry into new demographics. However, marketing the PS3 too heavily to these new audiences could dilute the PS3’s cool factor to core gamers by casting it as something their grandparents can play. The Wii has already captured the cool factor for non-typical gaming demographics, and pushing the PS3 in this direction would alienate its core users. Instead, Sony should allow third-party developers to create games for younger audiences so that the younger siblings and kids of core gamers will not be left out on the PS3, but avoid focusing marketing campaigns for the PS3 on these new demographics. This would make the console inclusive for new demographics, but avoid alienating core users while pushing for dominance in the core gaming market. Sony should also continue to move the PS3 towards being a digital living room hub. The Xbox 360 is marketed as an all-encompassing living room experience that replaces the need for movie and music players, and sometimes PCs. Not recognizing this shift in how consoles are used in the home would be harmful to the PS3, and they could lose buyers based not on their video game experience but because it is lacking digital hub features that are becoming basic. Sony should expand their living room experience by allowing third party downloadable apps that add on to the digital hub, and take advantage of Blu-Ray’s industry victory by packaging the system with movie discs. Sony can regain its industry lead by becoming the go-to console for core gamers and pushing for games that are inclusive of all demographics. This can be accomplished by heavily marketing the system as the most powerful system on the market while offering an extensive catalog of games, especially their exclusive game catalog.